Problem
Please review my answer for this interview question:
Merge k sorted arrays, using min heap.
import java.util.*;
public class MinHeap{
public static class HeapItem implements Comparable<HeapItem>{
int[] array;
int index; // the index of current element
public HeapItem(int[] arr, int index) {
array = arr;
index = 0;
}
@Override
public int compareTo(HeapItem h){
if(array[index] > h.array[h.index]){
return 1;
}else if(array[index] < h.array[h.index]){
return -1;
}else{
return 0;
}
}
}
public static List<Integer> mergeArrays(int[][] arrays) {
if (arrays == null || arrays.length == 0) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid input!");
}
// priority queue is heap in Java
PriorityQueue<HeapItem> pq = new PriorityQueue<HeapItem>();
// add arrays to the heap
for (int i = 0; i < arrays.length; i++) {
pq.add(new HeapItem(arrays[i], 0));
}
List<Integer> result = new ArrayList<Integer> ();
while (!pq.isEmpty()) {
HeapItem current = pq.remove();
result.add(current.array[current.index]);
if (current.index < current.array.length-1) {
pq.add(new HeapItem(current.array, current.index+1));
}
}
return result;
}
public static void main(String[] args){
int[] arr1 = {1, 3, 5, 7};
int[] arr2 = {2, 4, 6, 8};
int[] arr3 = {0, 9, 10, 11};
System.out.println(mergeArrays(new int[][] {arr1, arr2, arr3}));
}
}
Solution
Bug
This might be a typo, but when I ran your program it infinitely looped. The problem was in your constructor:
public HeapItem(int[] arr, int index) {
array = arr;
index = 0;
}
Here, you are setting index
to 0 when you should be setting it to the input argument, like this:
public HeapItem(int[] arr, int index) {
array = arr;
this.index = index;
}
Reuse HeapItem
Your code all seemed very reasonable to me. There is just one small improvement I would make here:
if (current.index < current.array.length-1) {
pq.add(new HeapItem(current.array, current.index+1));
}
I would just reuse current
instead of creating a new HeapItem
, like this:
if (current.index < current.array.length-1) {
current.index++;
pq.add(current);
}
Create result list with exact size
One other small thing you could do is compute the output list size, when you are iterating through the arrays. That way, you could create result
with the correct size instead of having it autoexpand as you add elements to it.
int outputSize = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < arrays.length; i++) {
pq.add(new HeapItem(arrays[i], 0));
outputSize += arrays[i].length;
}
List<Integer> result = new ArrayList<Integer> (outputSize);
I suggest implementing merging an array of arrays as reducing merge over them. The implementation will be substantially simpler than yours but I fear time complexity may be worse.